Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a complicated illness.

In the present multifactorial strategy for type 2 diabetes, glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are first-line substances that aim to enhance glucose management while reducing the dysmetabolic-related load on specific organs. In addition to helping weight loss by inducing satiety via central pathways, GLP-1 RAs lower glycemia by glucose-dependently regulating insulin and glucagon release, with a very minimal risk of hypoglycemia.

Lipid panel and blood pressure improvements and reductions in cardiovascular (CV), renal, and liver damage are additional hypothesized properties.

Semaglutide Peptide, Blood Pressure, Lipid profile, and Glucose

Studies suggest that except for insulin, which is well recognized for improving glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), GLP-1 RAs are the most successful family of diabetic substances. In comparison studies, the effect is hypothesized to be more noticeable with long-acting formulations than with short-acting ones. For example, Semaglutide presented once weekly appeared to have reduced HbA1c by 1.8%, higher than the 1.1% reduction speculated with exogenous GLP-1 and the 1.2-1.4% reduction observed with other long-acting GLP-1 RAs.

Research suggests one possible explanation for the decreased risk of cardiovascular disease associated with GLP-1 RAs is improved lipid profile and blood pressure. After 12 weeks of presentation, research models of obesity, without type 2 diabetes, suggested a significant reduction in fasting total cholesterol, HDL, triglycerides, VLDL, and post-prandial triglycerides, VLDL, and apolipoprotein B-48 (Apob-48) when given Semaglutide in a randomized controlled crossover trial. Dahl et al. speculated a comparable improvement in lipid profile in a subsequent experiment that presented research models of type 2 diabetes with Semaglutide. The findings implied the delayed stomach emptying caused by GLP-1 RAs may be associated with the influence on lipid metabolism, particularly the post-prandial lipid level.

Semaglutide, like liraglutide and dulaglutide, has been hypothesized in empirical studies to lower blood pressure. All forms of Semaglutide have been theorized to decrease systolic blood pressure by an average of 2.6 mmHg in the SUSTAIN 6 and PIONEER 6 studies, respectively. Researchers speculate this is unrelated to dietary changes and likely results from the relaxation of smooth artery muscles, increasing natriuresis via atrial natriuretic peptides.

Semaglutide Peptide and Weight

A typical procedure to mitigate T2D is to reduce body mass in fatty tissues. The metabolic and cardiovascular advantages of losing 5% of body weight are widely discussed. Investigations purport that reduced caloric intake and improved food intake management result from the major processes via which GLP-1 RAs may cause weight loss.

When it comes to GLP-1 RAs, Semaglutide seems to be the most effective one for weight reduction. Scientists suggest that compared to once-daily Semaglutide, which appeared to have resulted in a mean weight loss of 4.5 kg, Semaglutide once weekly seemed to have resulted in a mean weight reduction of 6.5 kg in trials involving T2D research models. The other GLP-1 RAs are listed in decreasing order as follows: dulaglutide, exenatide long-acting, lixisenatide and liraglutide, and exenatide short-acting.

Semaglutide Peptide and Metabolic Liver Disorders

Metabolic liver diseases such as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are usual in research models of type 2 diabetes and obesity. The pathogenic processes of these multifactorial disorders are similar. There is a difficult and poorly understood relationship between “diabesity” and liver disease, especially non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This relationship involves adipose tissue dysfunction, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, disruption of the gut microbiome and cytokine profile, establishing a metabolic and lipotoxic load on the liver, injury to hepatocytes, fibrosis, and cirrhosis.

In summary

Studies suggest that despite the minimal risk of hypoglycemia, Semaglutide is the GLP-1 RA that may have a stronger effect on HbA1c and weight reduction. Research suggests these supplementary and especially helpful properties of GLP-1 RAs in research models with type 2 diabetes were amplified by the cardio-renal and liver protective actions of Semaglutide. These results, together with the fact that both forms of Semaglutide are uncontroversial and well-tolerated in animal models, make them a good option for the context of type 2 diabetes. To boost the employment rate of GLP-1 RAs within research studies, Semaglutide offers another alternative for the context of type 2 diabetes.

Buy Semaglutide if you are a researcher interested in further studying Semaglutide peptide. Please remember that none of the substances mentioned in this article have been approved for human or animal consumption. This article serves educational purposes only.

References

[i] Nauck MA, Quast DR, Wefers J, Meier JJ. GLP-1 receptor agonists in the treatment of type 2 diabetes—state-of-the-art. Mol Metab. 2021;46:101102. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

[ii] Pratley RE, Aroda VR, Lingvay I, Lüdemann J, Andreassen C, Navarria A et al.; SUSTAIN 7 Invetigators. Semaglutide versus dulaglutide once weekly in patients with type 2 diabetes (SUSTAIN 7): a randomised, open-label, phase 3b trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2018;6:275–86. [DOI] [PubMed]

[iii] Hjerpsted JB, Flint A, Brooks A, Axelsen MB, Kvist T, Blundell J. Semaglutide improves postprandial glucose and lipid metabolism, and delays first-hour gastric emptying in subjects with obesity. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2018;20:610–9. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

[iv] Dahl K, Brooks A, Almazedi F, Hoff ST, Boschini C, Baekdal TA. Oral semaglutide improves postprandial glucose and lipid metabolism, and delays gastric emptying, in subjects with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2021;23:1594–603. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

[v] Marso SP, Bain SC, Consoli A, Eliaschewitz FG, Jódar E, Leiter LA, et al. Semaglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2016;375:1834–44. [DOI] [PubMed]